The signs and symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency can vary from person to person and may develop gradually over time. Some of the most common signs and symptoms include: – Fatigue – Weakness – Shortness of breath – Pale skin – A smooth tongue – Numbness and tingling in the hands and feet – Difficulty concentrating – Memory loss – Mood changes – Depression
Vitamin B12 is found naturally in animal products, such as meat, poultry, fish, eggs, and dairy products. People who follow a vegan or strict vegetarian diet may be at risk for vitamin B12 deficiency, as they are not consuming any animal products. Other causes of vitamin B12 deficiency include: – Pernicious anemia, an autoimmune disorder that prevents the body from absorbing vitamin B12 properly. – Gastrointestinal disorders, such as Crohn's disease and celiac disease, which can interfere with the absorption of vitamin B12. – Certain medications, such as proton pump inhibitors and metformin, which can reduce the body's ability to absorb vitamin B12. – Age, as the body's ability to absorb vitamin B12 decreases with age.